Month: September 2022

A soccer match to honor Dennis Arbige’s service for DMS

23 September 2022. On this day, we honored the long years of service of Dennis Arbige, who is officially retiring as the building manager this summer (he’s still very much around, helping with the transition). We all know Dennis as the kind force keeping the wheels from falling off of our beloved building, battling with environmental chambers, autoclaves, and a gazillion other things, while coordinating many of the various upkeeps over the years. But Dennis is also a gifted electrician and underwater technology buff, who has accompanied several ROV missions in the past.

And in addition, many of us simply love Dennis as the cornerstone of one of DMS’ most sacred traditions: the Friday afternoon co-ed soccer game!
For that reason, we planned to celebrate Dennis’ service this Friday in style!

Best of luck, Dennis, for your next move in life.
Please, if you can, keep playing soccer with us!

on 23 September 2022, DMS, Avery Point faculty, staff and students celebrating with Dennis (with ball)

The Arctic is not so Boron!

Professor Penny Vlahos investigates what happens with the ocean chemistry at the marginal ice zones in her recent publication

By Ewaldo Leitao.

The Arctic Ocean is undergoing rapid changes due to climate change. Increasing temperatures result in decreasing sea-ice extent, constant decreasing and thinning of permanent sea-ice caps. Some projections even show a completely ice-free Summer by 2050!

Another consequence of climate change is ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric CO2. That leads to the decrease in water pH and changes in carbon chemistry dynamics. The Arctic may be a small ocean (3% of total oceans area) but it has an important contribution to carbon uptake (10%). Therefore, it is necessary to understand the impact of these changes across the oceans, including the Arctic, in order to be prepared for it.

Some chemical elements, such as boron, contribute to the ocean’s capacity to resist changes in pH, that is ocean’s alkalinity. Boron, in combination with salinity, has been used as a universal rule in the open ocean (boron to salinity ratio) in order to understand the contribution of boron to alkalinity, and therefore ocean carbon chemistry. But how does that change in the less saline areas, such as the marginal ice zones of the Arctic?

In the recent paper published in Nature Communications, Prof. Penny Vlahos and graduate student Lauren Barrett observed that, when measured in low salinity areas (marginal ice zones), the boron to salinity ratio deviates from the expected in open oceans. In a cruise that took place in May of 2021 (you can read more about the cruise here), researchers were surprised to find significant deviations in the boron to salinity ratios in ice and brine samples. Lower water temperature and lower salinity alters the exchange between boric acid and borate, which is used to determine the contribution of boron to sea water alkalinity (capacity of water to resist changes in pH and acidification), driving this deviation of the boron to salinity ratio compared to open ocean waters.

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Prof. Penny Vlahos (right) with graduate students Lauren Barrett (left) and Emma Shipley (middle) on board the RV Sikuliaq

Boron-concentration
Stations sampled on the RV Sikuliaq between May 20th to June 14th, 2021.

The unique microenvironment of the marginal ice zones creates a very dynamic system. As seawater freezes, salts are rejected, but there is still a liquid region between ice crystals, called brine channels. These channels allow boron to undergo inorganic changes that may result in the variations observed in some of the samples, increasing the variability of boron to salinity ratio observed in these Arctic areas.

Prior to boarding the research vessel, researchers had to quarantine for two weeks. But this was a valuable time to Lauren Barrett. “Over quarantine I spent a lot of time reading about the various uncertainties that other authors encountered in accurately and precisely constraining the carbonate system in this highly heterogeneous environment. The boron to salinity ratios that we present here warn against applying universal ratios constrained in the open ocean to marginal ice zones and ice environments.” says Lauren.

Penny Vlahos Arctic
Lauren making a snowman at one of the stations that was ice covered, with the RV Sikuliaq on the back.

Lauren also shared a little bit about her experience: “I am very grateful for the opportunity to work with our international coauthors. The collaborative and interdisciplinary nature of marine science is one of my favorite aspects of working in this field. This research cruise was a great experience both personally and professionally, and I continue to be grateful to work in a field where cruising and getting to see polar bears is all in a day's work.”

The Arctic is an important sink of carbon and yet highly susceptible to climate change. Therefore, understanding detailed information of this system, instead of applying universal ratios, is necessary in order to better understand the carbon chemistry of the Arctic and be prepared for the consequences of climate change.


Vlahos, P., Lee, K., Lee, CH., Barrett, L, and Juranek, L. (2022) Non-conservative nature of boron in Arctic marginal ice zones. Nature Communications Earth & Environment 3, 214


Prof. Rob Mason presented with Lifetime Achievement Award

July 2022. DMS is proud to announce that Prof. Rob Mason was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award during this years ICMGP2022 (International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant). A big, heartfelt congratulations to this award, Rob!

Here is what the awarding committee said about Prof. Mason lifetime achievements:
Cross-posted from ICMGP2022

Dr. Robert (Rob) Mason has been a professor of Marine Sciences, with a joint appointment in Chemistry, at the University of Connecticut (UConn) since 2005. Prior to his current position he was a faculty member at the Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, part of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Studies, from 1994 to 2005. After graduating from UConn in 1991 with a PhD in Marine Sciences, under Dr. Bill Fitzgerald, he completed a post-doc at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts working with Drs. Francois Morel and Harry Hemond. Rob completed his undergraduate training in Analytical Chemistry in Durban, South Africa (RSA) and his MS at the University of Cape Town in 1983. Besides his academic studies and achievements, he has worked in research and development and for the Sea Fisheries Research Institute in Cape Town, RSA, studying oil pollution, and also completed 2 years as a program officer for the US National Science Foundation (NSF).

Rob has authored and co-authored over 230 scientific papers and book chapters, with over 27,485 citations with an H-index of 85 (Google Scholar). His four highest cited papers have more than 1000 citations each. He has co-edited four books and edited 6 special issues of journals focusing on large research activities, such as multi-investigator ocean cruises and conferences. He published the book Trace Metals in Aquatic Systems. Rob and his research group have presented papers at more than 400 national and international meetings, and he has been invited to present his research at institutions globally. Rob has attended all the International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant (ICMGP) conferences, except the first conference in Sweden when he was denied a visa due to the cultural boycott against South Africans that was in place due to the continuation of apartheid. He has been a ICMGP plenary speaker on two occasions (Minamata in 2004 and Nova Scotia in 2011). He has been on the Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) for a number of the ICMGP conferences, and was an Executive Committee Member for the 2017 conference in Providence, Rhode Island, and is for the 2022 virtual meeting. He has been on the organizing committee and a SSC member for other international conferences, including the International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment (ICHMET), where he was a plenary speaker in 2018, and the International Estuarine Biogeochemistry Symposium (IEBS), which he hosted in 2004. He has chaired sessions at most of the ICMGP meetings and at the other conferences that he has attended.
continued below

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Prof. Rob Mason with his award in July 2022

His mentoring activities have resulted in 13 PhD and 8 MS theses, where he has been the major advisor, and he has been a committee member for many other graduate students. Eighty percent of his graduate students have been women and, besides the USA, his students have come from Africa and Asia. He has been an external examiner for PhD students in Canada, Europe and South Africa. He has also mentored more than 10 post-docs and visiting scientists from around the world, including Fulbright Scholars and students/post-docs from Europe and Asia. He has also had many high school and undergraduate students working in his laboratories over the years. He has taught classes throughout his career, and has always incorporated his research into his teaching. He expects to continue to teach classes in Chemical Oceanography, Trace Metals and Isotopes and Environmental Chemistry in the future.

He has collaborated extensively with scientists from around the world and has been involved in synthesis and other activities through national and international organizations including the United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), and other UN organizations, and their partnership programs, the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP), and the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollutants (HTAP) initiative. He has been actively involved in communicating science to policy makers both in the USA and globally. He has been involved in many activities as a science advisor to federal, state and local organizations and industry related to contaminated sites and/or the impacts of human activities on local waters and biota, and subsequently humans and wildlife, and in their remediation.

Rob’s research has been funded by numerous federal and state agencies, as well as from non-governmental organizations, with the majority of his funding from the NSF (30 grants). He has been part of long-term studies, such as the METAALICUS Project, the GEOTRACES Program and studies on mercury in coastal environments in collaboration with colleagues at Dartmouth College. He has collaborated extensively with scientists in America, Europe, Asia and Africa. His research has taken him to the far corners of the Earth, including remote regions of the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. He has participated in 9 open ocean cruises during his career, and been chief scientist on more than one occasion, and has been involved in many coastal cruises and terrestrial studies. He has conducted research in Southern Africa and was also a Fulbright Scholar doing studies in West Africa related to artisanal gold mining (ASGM) impacts on the environment.

Rob recently participated in a research cruise in the Arctic Ocean and his post-doc was involved in another cruise around Iceland in 2021. He expects to continue his open ocean studies going forward, and hopes to remain involved in the GEOTRACES program. He is continuing with studies of Hg interactions in coastal waters, and the relationship between Hg cycling and transformation and those of other elements, such as selenium. He is currently the major advisor/co-advisor of 5 PhD students and is actively involved in their research, and is also actively writing papers based on prior studies. There are many papers still to be written and he is also currently involved in synthesis efforts as part of the current AMAP mercury synthesis. He expects to remain active in research, teaching, consulting and related activities for several years as there are too many good ideas to pursue to stop right now!

On the behalf of the mercury scientific community, the Scientific Steering Committee of the 15th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant, cordially congratulate Professor Mason for receiving the LAA Award.

Pieter Visscher selected as a GSA 2022 fellow

DMS is proud to announce that Prof. Pieter Visscher has been newly elected as a 2022 fellow at the Geological Society of America. The GSA Society Fellowship is an honor bestowed on the best of our profession by election at the spring GSA Council meeting. GSA members are nominated by other GSA members in recognition of a sustained record of distinguished contributions to the geosciences and the Geological Society of America through such avenues as publications, applied research, teaching, administration of geological programs, contributing to the public awareness of geology, leadership of professional organizations, and taking on editorial, bibliographic, and library responsibilities.
Congratulations, Pieter!

This is what nominator Nora Noffke said about Pieter:

"Pieter Visscher has made commendable contributions in carbon biogeochemistry, geomicrobiology, and marine sedimentology. He is active member of GSA for 25 years, and has presented regularly at GSA meetings. More so, Pieter has successfully trained many students and peers"

PieterVisscherGSAfellow
Prof. Pieter Visscher doing field measurements in remote regions of Chile